What We're Reading ~ 4/12/17

Matchmakers: The New Economics of Multisided Platforms [David Evans]

Beating the odds when you launch a new venture [Harvard Business Review]

Consolidated learnings: What I think I know about investing [Medium]

Inside Blue Apron's meal kit machine [Bloomberg]

Is it last call for craft beer? [NYTimes]

Americans haven't been this optimistic about stocks for nearly two decades [Bloomberg]

The gap between sentiment and certainty is stunning [WSJ]

On the ramifications of Brexit [Arp Investments]

How Canada completely lost its mind over real estate [Macleans]

Why Costco (COST) loves store sales: you try shipping a tub of mayo [WSJ]

Q&A with Airbnb's CEO Brian Chesky [Fortune]

Mobile video to grow almost 900% by 2021 Cisco predicts [Fierce Wireless]

Inside Verizon's go90, a video app mix between YouTube and Netflix [Business Insider]

Your focus should be on saving money, not investment returns [Collaborative Fund]

Instagram (FB) 'influencer' marketing is now a $1 billion industry [MediaKix]

Quick video on Zara: How a Spaniard invented fast fashion [YouTube]

What We're Reading ~ Analytical Links 10/15/14

Berkshire Beyond Buffett: The Enduring Value of Values [Lawrence Cunningham]

On spectrum value and a case for Verizon [Bronte Capital]

Importance of ROIC: A glance at the last 42 years of Wells Fargo [Base Hit Investing]

Building the perfect investor [Millennial Invest]

A look at the potential future for the cable industry [GlennChan]

Pay TV's new worry: 'shaving' the cord [WSJ]

Six figure incomes - and facing financial ruin [WSJ]

T-Mobile's stock slump offers buying opportunity [Yahoo]

On how Buffett's portfolio managers are faring [Fortune]

Why millennials are shunning cars [Washington Post]

The freelance economy and word of mouth [HBR]

What We're Reading ~ Analytical Links 10/9/13

Some big investors can't get enough of Europe's toxic assets [Quartz]

On cash flow and destiny [Horowitz]

5 things you need to know about Janet Yellen [WSJ]

For Yellen, a focus on reducing unemployment [NYTimes]

Invest in what Wall Street hates [Marketwatch]

Why does value investing work? [Turnkey Analyst]

On avoiding the next bubble [WSJ]

Verizon mega-bond could pave way for AT&T [Reuters]

A look at eBay's CEO John Donahoe [Barrons]

How Twitter's business model is just like broadcast TV, only worse [Buzzfeed]

A road map to high value healthcare delivery [Healthcare Transformation Institute]

A look at Tower Group [Aleph Blog]

Is Medifast a cry baby or corporate bully? [WhiteCollarFraud]

Nest Labs reinvents the smoke alarm [NYTimes]

David Einhorn on Green Mountain Coffee, Vodafone & More: Interview

Greenlight Capital's David Einhorn appeared on Bloomberg Television today and talked about his short of Green Mountain Coffee Roasters (GMCR) and his long of Vodafone (VOD), two longstanding positions.  Here are some of the highlights and the video interview is below:


On whether he is still short Green Mountain Coffee:  “Yes. We are still short Green Mountain.  It has been on the toughest things going on in our portfolio this year. The books are over caffeinated, if you would.  The company says that they sell a lot of coffee, there is no doubt they sell a lot of coffee. We do not think they sell anywhere near as much as they say and there are real discrepancies in the accounts. They had an analyst day a few weeks ago and they were asked to explain the numbers, and the CEO’s cavalier response was they do not do straight math and they are not going to get into this now. If you do not get into this on an investor call, when are you going to?” 

“There is a lot of ways for Green Mountain to pan out for us. This year, so far it has not been panning out for us. The competition has been increasing; they are losing market shares in their stores. Their platform has been commoditized. Anybody can make a cakeup. The Supply is now out there. The prices are falling. I think they will miss on the business side form an earnings perspective sometime over the next year. Ultimately they will be commoditized away. In addition, you have the regulatory risk when someone wakes up one day and says these numbers are not what they are represented to be.”


On being big on Vodafone the last three years:  “When we bought it you were getting no credit for their stake in Verizon Wireless now we see that was a very valuable stake. I think $130 billion. I think Vodafone remains pretty attractive because one you strip out the consideration for Verizon, the rest of the European business is at a pretty cheap value.”    


On whether there are opportunities in the U.S. for Vodafone:  “No, I think Vodafone exits from the U.S. if anything it could ultimately be a target for someone like AT&T that wants to get exposure into Europe”    


On whether Vodafone could have held on to Verizon Wireless longer:  “I would give Vodafone an A or an A plus on this negotiation. Verizon took a very aggressive tact with them for a lot of years saying, you are a minority; we are not going to pay you dividends and eventually Verizon needed a dividend so they started paying it but sporadically. They really tried to squeak these guys out. They finally came in the spring. It turned out they could not bridge the great act. Vodafone held out. Verizon came back to the table. They paid a higher price than I think they even would have paid in the spring… Vodafone is not mostly a wireline business. They are mostly cellular in Europe. So you have that wireless component there. When you strip out the Verizon Wireless valuation, you are buying it at two turns of EBITA less than comparable companies. I think it has better prospects better growth and better network than many of its peers.”


Embedded below is the video of David Einhorn's interview with Bloomberg Television:



For more on this manager, we've posted some of Greenlight's recent portfolio activity here.

What We're Reading ~ Analytical Links 9/4/13

The Manual of Ideas: The Proven Framework for Finding the Best Value Investments [Amazon]

Risk is not a four-letter word [Herb Greenberg]

How the Verizon-Vodafone deal was sealed over gym talk & a breakfast [Globe & Mail]

Vodafone (VOD) spreadsheet post-deal [MicroFundy]

Is discounted cashflow the best way to value a company? [Google Plus]

Profile of billionaire Jorge Lemann [BusinessWeek]

MSFT: Ballmer out, ValueAct in - get ready for the next shoe to drop [All Things D]

Microsoft / Nokia: the deal that makes no sense [Stratechery]

Why is chicken more expensive? Ask McDonald's [BusinessWeek]

The biggest risk Zillow (Z) faces isn't what you think it is [LittleBear]

How 'Teslanaires' made fortunes on Tesla stock [Sun-Sentinel]

CNBC ratings hit 20-year nadir [NYPost]

What We're Reading ~ Analytical Links 5/15/13

Meb Faber's new book: Shareholder Yield [Meb Faber]

Explanation of Tepper's chart: Equity risk premium is high (this is bullish) [The Big Picture]

On confirmation bias and the perma-whatevers [Abnormal Returns]

The end is where we start from [Reformed Broker]

On emotional finance [Research Puzzle]

What record profit margins imply for future profitability and the market [Greenbackd]

It's time to fight the Fed [MicroFundy]

The low return of high yield [Contrarian Corner]

Missed Visa and Mastercard? Then keep an eye on this one: Fleetcor (FLT) [Old School Value]

The bull case on Hospira (HSP) [Forbes]

An overview of a hedge fund favorite: Dollar Tree (DLTR) [Aegaia Research]

Time to change the channel on media stocks [CNBC]

On the 'spying' Bloomberg terminals [CNBC]

Will Wall Street's Bloomberg terminal addiction break? [NYMag]

Steelmakers develop new iron recipes [WSJ]

Thoughts on a potential Verizon & Vodafone deal [VODVZ]

Two strategies: The Washington Post vs the NYTimes [Monday Note]

Forget gold, the gourmet cupcake market is crashing [WSJ]

What We're Reading ~ Analytical Links 3/6/13

Book that changes the way you do business: The Innovator's Dilemma [Clayton Christensen]

The short case on Boulder Brands (BDBD) [Prescience Point]

Why are most people terrible investors? [Phil Pearlman]

12 cognitive biases that endanger investors [Minyanville]

Interview with Paul Lountzis on investing & scuttlebutt research [Simoleon Sense]

On doing less [Capital Observer]

Dow hits record high with household income at decade low [Atlantic]

Verizon (VZ) said to seek to resolve Vodafone (VOD) relationship [Bloomberg]

Cash levels in brokerage accounts approach lowest levels ever [Kimble]

Study reveals most at-risk retailers for Amazon showrooming [Placed]

Shorts battle longs over Fairpoint Communications (FRP) [Forbes]

Want to short the student loan bubble? Now you can [Zerohedge]

Getting schooled by Career Education (CECO) [Barel Karsan]

Vornado selling chunk of J.C. Penney (JCP) stock [WSJ]

America Movil (AMX): time to buy in bulk? [FT]

Imagining cable TV if bundles unravel [WSJ] and News Corp creates sports network [NYT]

Google (GOOG) is building a same-day Amazon Prime competitor [Techcrunch]

Cree (CREE) introduces LED lightbulb [Yahoo Finance]

Why getting an MBA isn't worth it [WSJ]

Eminence Capital Plays Vodafone / Verizon Pairs Trade: Q3 Letter Excerpt

Ricky Sandler's hedge fund firm Eminence Capital is having a great year, up 6.7% net in the third quarter and up 22.3% net for the year through September with AUM north of $3 billion.  Their third quarter letter to investors details a new trade they recently put on:

Long Vodafone / Short Verizon Pairs Trade

For those unfamiliar, a pairs trade is a bet made where an investor goes long one security and shorts another.  Some investors utilize this to make a market neutral bet, while others use it to bet on mean-reversion.

Some hedgies will undoubtedly be familiar with this specific pairs trade as various funds have had it on in the past.  The trade here is essentially an arbitrage on the valuation of an asset both companies share: stakes in Verizon Wireless ("VZW").  Vodafone (VOD) owns 45% of Verizon Wireless and Verizon (VZ) owns 55% of Verizon Wireless.

Eminence put on this pairs trade (long VOD, short VZ) in recent months and here's why according to Sandler:

"VOD trades at a significant discount to VZ for a number of reasons and thereby creates a unique opportunity where the same asset is being valued by two sets of investors very differently.

If we assign a fair value to VZW for each of VOD and VZ we are left with the following valuation anomaly: the rest of VOD (after subtracting VZW at fair value) has an $82B Enterprise Value which values its best of breed European and Emerging Market wireless service business at 7x adjusted EBIT (EBITDA minus Capex) and 4.5x after-tax economic earnings. Simultaneously, the rest of Verizon (after subtracting VZW at fair value) has an $80B Enterprise Value for a structurally declining fixed line telephone business in the US that generates zero EBIT and trades at an infinite multiple of economic earnings because it burns free cash flow.

We think the time is right for this trade to play out because we have come to the point where VZW will need to pay out a lot of free cash flow to each of its owners over the next few years. VOD will increasingly appear to generate more free cash flow than it had been as investors begin to see these dividends from VZW. Alternatively, VZ’s free cash flow will appear to decline as it pays out cash from its consolidated position in VZW to VOD. We expect investors to more fully reward VOD for its look through cash flow since it will be receiving this cash regularly from VZW while investors will also come to realize that VZ can’t even afford to pay its corporate dividend when only 55% of the VZW cash flow is counted. It is also possible that VZ realizes its stock is overvalued and tries to use its currency to buy in the VZW it doesn’t own which would be a material positive for our position."


Given that numerous other funds have been in this pairs trade in the past, it's interesting that Eminence feels now is the right time to play it.  With some analysts expecting another VZW special dividend for VOD by year-end, we'll have to see how this trade plays out.  Vodafone is now Eminence's fourth largest long.

For more from this hedge fund, be sure to also check out why Eminence is bullish on Google.  While they reduced their position size a bit recently, it's still their largest holding.

TPG-Axon's Dinakar Singh Likes Sirius XM & Time Warner Cable: Interview

Dinakar Singh, CEO of $4 billion TPG-Axon Capital recently sat down with Bloomberg TV so we wanted to post up some of the highlights of his rare appearance.

It seems as though he is betting against telecom stocks and is also bearish on some financials (in particular US regional banks).  He's bullish on names like Sirius XM (SIRI), Time Warner Cable (TWC), and W.R. Grace (GRA).  He sees growth in the chemical, aerospace, and healthcare industries.

A graphic on screen showed TPG-Axon's key long exposures in tech & media: SIRI, TWC, Viacom (VIA.B), Kabel Deutschland, Equinix (EQIX), Expedia (EXPE), Priceline.com (PCLN), and Yandex (YNDX).


On the current environment:   “For us, we pick stocks. That is how we make money. More and more, everyone has become more emotional in markets. We get scared by headlines and we all start acting the same way whether you are a CEO or a consumer. Jobs do matter. I think when you look at the U.S. in the last number of months, our view coming in this year is that people got too excited. There was a bounce back from last year and some good weather but it was going to be a slow gradual sloppy messy restructuring without a big recovery. Things have reversed. I think people are getting too pessimistic…I think ultimately consumers and CEOs are reading the same headlines and scared. I think you are seeing a cyclical or temporary step down. We do not think there one should expect a big bounce, but there won’t be much of a plunge either. It feels like the numbers are crummy but they will probably stay this way for a while. The fiscal cliff is a real issue. I think you're seeing an impact right now.”  


On how to play this market:   “People have gotten scared and they’re paying a lot for safety. On the safety side, people like dividends in safe industries. So Verizon is trading 18 times earnings because people want safety and a good dividend. There are companies like Time Warner Cable that we think are just as defensive but they did not happen to pay a dividend, they have even better cash flow, but they traded as a result much less well last year. For us, big opportunity. So media and cable that’s very cash flow rich and where we think management is going to turn that spigot on and turn it into a dividend or buy back machine that makes sense. Sirius, Time Warner Cable, companies like that. On the cyclical side, not everything is terrible. There are some sectors where we think there is good structural growth and balance sheets will be put to work. Some chemical companies are very good restructuring candidates. Aerospace suppliers.  Aerospace is in the middle innings of a very long term upgrade cycle.”


On telecom services:   “In a hedge fund, this is called a funding short. It is not that you think it is terrible and going straight to 0, but it is priced fully and not going up much so not a very good risk reward. Within telecom services there are two categories. There are the Verizons, we get it, they trade here for a reason, but they are pretty fully priced. On the other side, there are other companies that are legacy telecom companies where the dividend is a very high, but business really is eroding. It is priced well today because of a high dividend, but it is not sustainable. When you look around the world, a lot of high dividend stocks in Europe are not trading well because people are looking at them and saying I get it. I have a dividend today but it might not be there tomorrow.”


On China:   “If you look at China specifically, multiples had really collapsed…You have two general types of companies. Big, state-owned companies that people don’t trust and private companies that people really don’t trust. There isn’t a lot that trades at big multiples anymore. I think if you can find cases where there is real growth and they can pay cash back to you, you’ll make money.”


Embedded below is the first part of the interview of Dinakar Singh's interview with Bloomberg TV:



And here's the second part:

Delivering Alpha Best Ideas Panel: Cooperman, Chanos, Feldstein & More

CNBC and Institutional Investor's Delivering Alpha Conference is going on today and we wanted to aggregate the highlights.  The "best ideas" panel included Omega Advisors' Leon Cooperman, Kynikos Associates' Jim Chanos, BlueMountain Capital's Andrew Feldstein, Queen Anne's Gate Capital's Kathleen Kelley, and BlackRock's Robert Kapito.

From the conference, we've also posted up the global opportunities panel as well as the chasing yield panel.


Leon Cooperman (Omega Advisors):  He pitched going long US stocks and called them the best house in the financial neighborhood, a tune he has been singing for well over a year.  However, he did make an excellent point that the maximum "pain trade" is going higher as tons of people are sitting on large sums of cash earning nothing. 

As for specific names he likes: Capital One (COF), Express Scripts (ESRX), Halliburton (HAL), Gannett (GCI), Kinder Morgan (KMI), MetLife (MET), Qualcomm (QCOM), Watson Pharma (WPI) and Western Union (WU).  He also likes AIA Group (1299.HK) traded in Hong Kong.

The Omega Advisors founder also continued to bash bonds, saying "buying US bonds right now is like walking in front of a steam roller and picking up dimes.  It's just not a good policy."

As far as the election goes, he thinks that if Romney wins, the market will spike by 150 points, but if Obama wins, it drifts lower. For more from the Omega man, we just posted up Leon Cooperman on 14 attributes that make a good portfolio manager.


Jim Chanos (Kynikos Associates):  The noted short-seller was out again negative on tech companies.  He mainly pitched the bear case on Hewlett Packard (HPQ), calling it a value trap.  We just recently highlighted Chanos' presentation on global value traps where HPQ was highlighted among other names.

He says that "when you lose the paradigm shift, you spend an awful lot of money defending what you have."  He compared HPQ to Eastman Kodak as the company is in declining businesses.

Chanos also touched on how instead of giving cash back to shareholders, companies will make value-destroying acquisitions.  He cited HPQ's buy of Autonomy last year.  The Kynikos man argues that HPQ has overspent on acquisitions and they're hiding research & development expenditures through them.

He's also negative on Dell (DELL) saying that the company finances its subprime customers (financing their revenue growth).  For more on Chanos we just recently posted up his thoughts on the psychology of short selling.


Andrew Feldstein (BlueMountain Capital):  He likes less liquid credit, angling for 8-12% returns over a 3-7 year time horizon.  He says you have to be patient as this opportunity is available due to everyone's obsession with liquidity (i.e. don't put your money here if you don't have an appropriate time horizon).  He mentioned bonds such as Prospect Medical if you can buy and hold.  Feldstein also mentioned he's less excited about legacy distressed assets in Europe.


Kathleen Kelley (Queen Anne's Gate Capital):  Formerly of Tudor and Kingdon, she pitched two ideas: short the British pound (against long US dollar) as well as short platinum, targeting 20-30% moves to the downside.  She wants to be long the USD against the sterling because the USD can be a commodity currency.

She also likes shorting platinum as there's an oversupply due to slowing Euro auto sales.  At the Ira Sohn conference two months ago, Ospraie's Dwight Anderson pitched going short platinum as well (in addition to going long palladium).


Robert Kapito (BlackRock):  He's going for the "income hog" approach by focusing on equity dividend funds, dividend stocks like AT&T (T), Verizon (VZ), Merck (MRK), Johnson & Johnson (JNJ), high yield bond funds (or individual issues from Sprint, Ally) and municipal bonds such as the San Francisco Airport, New Jersey Tolls.  He thinks that default worry surrounding munis is "overrated."


Sources: Notes sent by readers, II's blog, @iimag,  @ldelevingne, @footnoted, @aarontask

For more from Delivering Alpha, head to the global opportunities panel (featuring Richard Perry) as well as the hunt for yield panel (featuring Marc Lasry)

Goldman Sachs Very Important Short Positions For Hedge Funds: Q1 2012

Goldman Sachs is out with its Q1 2012 Hedge Fund Trend Monitor and we've already posted up Goldman's VIP list of most important stocks to top funds.  Now we're posting a new addition to their research: the very important short position list.

This tracks short exposure of hedge funds as an equal-weighted basket that "consists of 50 S&P 500 constituents with the highest total dollar value of short interest outstanding."  It can be accessed on Bloomberg via < GSTHVISP >.

Goldman emphasizes that this list is not based on 13F holdings (because hedge funds are not required to disclose shorts).  They also note that it's not a basket of stocks most held short.


Goldman Sachs Very Important Short Positions For Hedge Funds

Stock, value of short interest (in $ billions)

1. Johnson & Johnson (JNJ): $2.9
2. Exxon Mobil (XOM): 2.8
3. Intel (INTC): 2.6
4. International Business Machines (IBM): 2.4
5. Amazon.com (AMZN): 2.4
6. AT&T (T): 2.3
7. Chevron (CVX): 2.1
8. Verizon (VZ): 1.8
9. Duke Energy (DUK): 1.7
10. Walt Disney (DIS): 1.5
11. Abbott Laboratories (ABT): 1.4
12. Coca Cola (KO): 1.4
13. General Electric (GE): 1.4
14. Walmart Stores (WMT): 1.3
15. Caterpillar (CAT): 1.2
16. ConocoPhillips (COP): 1.2
17. Walgreen (WAG): 1.2
18. Time Warner (TWX): 1.1
19. Lockheed Martin (LMT): 1.1
20. Home Depot (HD): 1.1
21. Dell (DELL): 1.1
22. Bristol Myers Squibb (BMY): 1.1
23. Oracle (ORCL): 1.1
24. Schlumberger (SLB): 1.0
25. United Parcel Service (UPS): 1.0


Of the above. David Einhorn recently made comments about Amazon.com (AMZN) at the Ira Sohn conference.  While he seemed to be skeptical of the company during his talk, he did not say he was short.  He highlighted that the company has destroyed other businesses, taking market share, but criticized their weak profit growth.

Jim Chanos is short Dell (DELL) and he points to the decline of personal computing in favor of tablets and other mobile devices.  He's been correct in that regard as Dell recently reported declines in those segments in their latest earnings release.  But of course the bull case points to Dell's other business lines as they shift toward the enterprise. 


Here's the rest of Goldman's Very Important Short Positions List:

26. Amgen (AMGN): 1.0
27. AvalonBay (AVB): 1.0
28. Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG): 1.0
29. Boston Properties (BXP): 1.0
30. Union Pacific (UNP): 0.9
31. Simon Property Group (SPG): 0.9
32. Procter & Gamble (PG): 0.9
33. Cerner (CERN): 0.9
34. Host Hotels & Resorts (HST): 0.8
35. Kohl's (KSS): 0.8
36. Waste Management (WM): 0.8
37. CenturyLink (CTL): 0.8
38. Carnival (CCL): 0.8
39. Philip Morris (PM): 0.8
40. American Express (AXP): 0.8
41. DuPont (DD): 0.8
42. McDonalds (MCD): 0.8
43. MetLife (MET): 0.8
44. Fastenal (FAST): 0.8
45. Merck (MRK): 0.7
46. Comcast (CMCSA): 0.7
47. Sysco (SYY): 0.7
48. Freeport McMoran (FCX): 0.7
49. Alcoa (AA): 0.7
50. Staples (SPLS): 0.7


Be sure to also check out Goldman Sachs VIP list of most important stocks to hedge funds for Q1 2012.

Why A Hedge Fund Manager Sold Sprint Nextel (S)

The following is extracted from Amit Chokshi's Kinnaras Capital Management fourth quarter letter:

"Investors may also be curious regarding the divestiture of Sprint-Nextel ("S"), our highest conviction holding in 2010. When Greenlight Capital founder David Einhorn revealed a stake in Sprint Nextel in early December (a few weeks after we had sold), I received a few "what do you think about that" emails, not surprising when one considers Greenlight Capital's 21.5% annualized return since inception in 1996. One of the reasons I sold S was simply due to a flurry of much more attractive prospects that arose in Q3. The limited capital we control allows us to invest in any segment of the market and I wanted to take advantage of that opportunity in Q3.

Nonetheless, I would have considered holding on to a small stake in S if I had greater confidence in its management team, marketing efforts, and competitive dynamics. When establishing our stake in S in early 2010, one component of my investment thesis was the head start S had on its rivals in deploying next generation ("nextgen") cellular capabilities. S's 4G service is provided through its majority stake in Clearwire ("CLWR"). S would also be releasing two spectacular phones using Google's Android Operating System in the summer -- the HTC EVO ("EVO") and Samsung Epic. Sales data was demonstrating that Android phones were gaining considerable momentum and the EVO and Epic were two of the most widely anticipated smartphones of 2010.

Heading into 2010, S would be the first to 4G with a significant lead time over its rivals, had two highly rated phones that could compete against any of the top smartphones, had a very compelling price point relative to other carriers, experienced massive improvements in customer service, and had already demonstrated success in rationalizing parts of its business to drive operational improvements. S also faced few financing constraints with most of its debt maturities far into the future. The stock was cheap across a number of valuation metrics and had a number of catalysts in place that could drive improvements in valuation.

Here's where the train started to get off the tracks. The telecom business is highly competitive and I believe companies have to go for the jugular when it comes to advertising to demonstrate their key strengths over their competitors. For example, Verizon ("VZ") directly mocks AT&T's ("T") network coverage in its television ads, leading the viewer to believe that VZ has the best coverage while T has overpriced and weak network coverage. S intended to release the EVO in June and a number of third party sources considered it to be the best smartphone available. S had for the first time a legitimate top-shelf product and had also developed a very competitive pricing plan offering far more value to a subscriber relative to VZ and T. I had expected some aggressive and smart advertising to promote the EVO functionality and S phone plans directly against its competition.

Instead there appeared to be little to no advertising until the final two weeks of the release and the marketing was very mundane. Effective marketing "shows" rather than "tells" and the EVO commercials were far too convoluted, doing nothing to effectively demonstrate the powerful capabilities of the phone. The video below is one of the initial EVO commercials and should illustrate my point (email readers will need to come to the site to view the videos):



I felt S had squandered a huge opportunity when there were no other competitors to market leading up to the introduction of the EVO and from that point on I began to question S's advertising efforts. For example, S runs advertisements before the coming attractions start in movie theaters. As theaters are usually pretty empty before the coming attractions start, I would wonder how effective the use of these ad dollars were in attracting new subscribers. I also was skeptical of the company's sponsorship of CBS's NFL halftime show and sponsorship of the Sprint Cup for NASCAR. My personal view was that S could be far more effective with advertising that demonstrates what its network and exclusive phones could do rather than spend ad dollars on blanket sponsorship.

The next problem arose with S's handling of CLWR. CLWR is majority owned by S but was also competing directly against its parent company by offering CLWR-branded service as well as specific connection devices such as the iSpot which competed against the S Overdrive. Considering that CLWR burns considerable cash, much of it from S, it was bizarre that S sat idly by for so long allowing CLWR to use S cash to develop products to compete against its parent. In Q4 it became apparent that CLWR would need more capital setting up additional tension between S and CLWR.

At this point S needs CLWR as it provides S with its 4G service but CLWR will still require billions to further expand coverage in the US. It will be challenging for S to fund CLWR's needs while also executing its own capital spending plans. S took far too long to decide to rationalize its iDEN and CDMA networks but it intends to start in 2011. This project will require billions and excludes the roughly $2B+ needed on maintenance capex and FCC license expenditures. These are not immaterial expenditures considering S generates under $6B in EBITDA.

What exacerbates this problem is that competitors are now coming to market with 4G services. While S had a large lead in terms of time, it squandered that lead with ineffectual marketing and poor management of CLWR. The company has a compromised operational and financial strategy and is now facing competition with far better marketing and deeper resources.

For example, S marketing executives could learn a lot from T-Mobile. T-Mobile has released some excellent ads which are exactly what I envisioned S would have done but did not. The T-Mobile ads copy the "I'm a Mac, I'm a PC" commercials Apple developed whereby T-Mobile goes directly after AT&T and the iPhone, highlighting AT&T's poor network performance and limitations of the iPhone 4. S could easily have done similar ads but for whatever reason, S CEO Dan Hesse has been reluctant to highlight any design and operational advantages the EVO and Epic have over the iPhone or the S network has over competitors. T-Mobile has had no such qualms and it would be little surprise if sales of T-Mobile 4G devices (even though T-Mobile really does not have 4G) accelerate due to the smart advertising (video below):



Aside from T-Mobile, VZ is also beginning to market its 4G service. VZ has the deepest pockets of US telecoms and will be rolling out its coverage network at an aggressive clip while S and CLWR struggle to address financing and operational aspects. In addition, 4G smartphones appear to be slated for wide availability across carriers in 2011. While the EVO and Epic were two of the best phones released in 2010, there are a host of very impressive phones set to be released in 2011 such as the Motorola Droid BIONIC, Samsung 4G LTE Smartphone (nextgen Galaxy S), and HTC Thunderbolt. What will make this challenging for S is the cost subsidies associated with increasingly advanced phones will not be as easily absorbed by S relative to its peers as the Company's current plans yield lower ARPU relative to its peers. This could result in further margin pressures.

When entering 2010, S has a number of tangible opportunities and I felt if the company successfully executed on these, operations would improve significantly and thus yield a better valuation for the stock. S had its chances but I believe they missed what was essentially the one "open year" they had to increase subscribers with a relatively light competitive field. As Q3 and Q4 passed, the window between S and its competition was virtually eliminated. I expect that 2011 will be a year where its deeper pocket rivals like VZ flex their muscles and offer 4G services with other attractive smartphones. S may still pay off handsomely for investors but I felt we had better places to invest and that the outlook for S was getting increasingly more challenging.

Disclosure: Author manages a hedge fund and managed accounts with no position in any of the companies mentioned above. "

The above was extracted from Amit Chokshi and Kinnaras Capital Management's fourth quarter letter.

Hedge Fund Harbinger Capital Plans 4G Wireless Network

Philip Falcone's hedge fund firm Harbinger Capital Partners recently unveiled quite a plan. They have thrown their hat into the ring of next generation wireless build-out as they've planned a 4G wireless network that will cover the majority of the country by 2015. This announcement comes right after Harbinger received approval from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to take control of SkyTerra (SKYT) on March 26th. Falcone will be assembling a network utilizing the LTE (Long Term Evolution) format, a technology that mainstream wireless providers like AT&T and Verizon have already invested heavily in.

In order to do so, Falcone plans to use his satellite investments, SkyTerra (SKYT) and TerreStar (TSTR). Readers of MarketFolly will already know that we've covered Harbinger's investment in these two companies for quite some time. We first mentioned Harbinger's TerreStar stake back in October of 2008. We then also posted about Harbinger's SkyTerra stake in February of 2009 and noted how they were ramping up their position in TerreStar in April of 2009. So, this is something that has been in the works for quite some time and Falcone seems confident that LTE is the way of the future.

Others might be intrigued to find that Harbinger also started a sizable position in Sprint Nextel (S) in the fourth quarter of 2009. Wireless connoisseurs will already know that both Sprint and Clearwire have been working on a high-speed network of their own, WiMax. So, regardless of which format wins out (WiMax versus LTE), Falcone has bets in both wireless 4G arenas. It does seem, however, that his larger bet is on LTE. You can view the rest of Harbinger's portfolio here.

For the specifics of Harbinger's LTE plan, we defer to GigaOm's summary as well as analyst Tim Farrar's take, both of which we highly recommend you read.

After all this, one thing's for certain: hedge funds love the play on wireless spectrum, data & smartphones. It's quite clear they see a bright and profitable future there. What's most interesting is the dynamic of how they each are making slightly different bets. As evidenced above, Harbinger is playing spectrum. We've also seen plenty of managers invest in the smartphone theme via Apple (AAPL) and a plethora of hedgies invest in wireless tower stocks such as American Tower (AMT), Crown Castle (CCI), and SBA Communications (SBAC). Many hedge funds, like Matt Iorio's White Elm Capital, have invested in both. We also make note that many of those stocks grace Goldman Sachs' VIP list of the most important stocks to hedge funds. While the investments vary, the theme is consistent: increased demand for wireless transmission of information, be it voice, data, or both.